Primary public sources
The underlying records and official tables come from the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government's Energy Performance of Buildings Register for England and Wales.
- Get energy performance of buildings data ↗ — bulk domestic, non-domestic and display-certificate data for researchers and product developers.
- MHCLG live EPC tables ↗ — quarterly official aggregates by country, region and local authority.
- Energy Performance of Buildings Certificates statistics collection ↗ — releases, technical notes, change notes and calendar.
- Official property-level certificate register ↗ — the authoritative service for an individual address.
- UK House Price Index ↗ — official local-authority price context, currently May 2026.
- Sub-regional fuel poverty data ↗ — DESNZ modelled LILEE estimates for England, using 2024 data.
Certificates are not the same as homes
A property can have several certificates over time. The official figure of 29,758,272 is a count of domestic EPC lodgements, not a claim that the dataset contains that many unique properties.
For the detailed 2020–2025 analysis, EPCScore uses the property reference available in the source data to report 9,461,776 distinct references alongside 9,924,950 certificates. We display both numbers rather than labelling certificates as properties.
Coverage limitations
The register is not a census of the housing stock. An EPC is generally triggered when a building is constructed, sold or let. Homes that have not experienced a trigger may be absent, and some certificate holders can opt out of disclosure.
Official MHCLG guidance also notes that the data should not be treated as a true representation of every building. Area results describe disclosed certificates in the dataset and can be affected by the mix of sales, lettings and new construction.
How records are grouped
- Postcode district: the outward part of the postcode, such as SW1A. A full postcode entered into search is reduced to this district; no address-level result is shown.
- Local authority: grouped using the authority identifiers supplied or mapped in the source data. Current EPC tables and UK HPI figures are joined by ONS code where a live page exists.
- County and constituency: aggregated from the geographic mappings in the processing pipeline.
How figures are calculated
Average scores, costs, emissions and floor areas are arithmetic means across usable records in the selected area and period. Band shares divide the count in each recorded band by the total with a usable rating. Potential values aggregate the potential fields recorded on certificates.
Certificate-estimated costs use standardised assumptions and methodology prices from the date of assessment. We expose them as comparative EPC figures, not live tariffs or household bill forecasts.
UK HPI figures describe the wider local housing market and are provisional. They are shown for decision context only; EPCScore does not calculate or assert a causal relationship between ratings and prices.
Fuel-poverty figures are modelled sub-regional estimates for England. They should be used to understand broad patterns, not to identify individual households or as evidence that EPC ratings caused energy affordability outcomes.
Ranking safeguards
Current council rankings use MHCLG live-table data and exclude unmapped or very small samples. Postcode examples require a minimum sample. Rankings compare the available certificate population, not every dwelling or the quality of a council's policies.
Update policy
The current official layer is generated from the latest D1 and D3 live tables. Separate updaters discover the newest available UK HPI and sub-regional fuel-poverty releases. Every generated dataset records source URLs and retrieval timestamps. The detailed postcode layer is labelled 2020–2025 until a new bulk-data run is completed and verified.
Licence and attribution
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0 ↗. Address-related source fields may also be subject to Royal Mail and Ordnance Survey rights described by the provider.
EPCScore is an independent product and is not affiliated with HM Government, MHCLG or the official register.